Exercising and Dieting Not Enough to Stop UK Obesity Freight Train

2012/05/22

Digitaljournal

A leading nutritional expert has called for more to be done by influential figures within the UK health and fitness industry after branding worrying obesity and diabetes levels as “freight trains running out of control”.

Dr John Berardi, who was recently in the UK attending the FitPro convention, is a prominent researcher in the field of exercise and nutritional science and he believes a greater emphasis needs to be placed on engaging with and educating people of all ages on the benefits of eating healthy and exercising on a regular basis.

Nearly a third of all children in the UK are now believed to be classified as overweight and just over a quarter of adults in England were classified as obese in 2010, highlighting how a major cultural problem is escalating.

Speaking in an exclusive interview with Predator Nutrition founder Reggie Johal, Dr Berardi said: “While the health and fitness industry in the UK always impresses me, as a health and fitness culture, the UK is doing just about as poorly as we are in North America.

“Personally, I split my time between the US and Canada, living part of the year in each country.  And whether it’s the US, Canada, or the UK, we’re all struggling. Obesity and diabetes seem like freight trains running out of control.

“Of course, that’s not a fitness industry thing.  Instead, it has everything to do with the combination of sedentary labor, few natural opportunities for exercise and movement, huge access to high calorie, processed foods, and a tremendous amount of personal stress.

“Just telling people to eat less and exercise more doesn’t work.  Sure, it theoretically could work.  But it can be damn hard for some people to get moving in this direction.

“And the problem isn’t necessarily willpower.  I know that’s hard to understand at first.  But once you have a family to take care of, become a full-time member of a sedentary work force, and become responsible for meeting the needs of either young children or aging parents – and you have to do it all on a limited budget – does it become apparent why this is so hard for people.

“That’s why I’m so passionate about reaching people where they’re at.  Honestly, the obesity epidemic isn’t going to be solved by the fitness industry unless we reimagine what it is we do. Because, right now, the industry is confined to the four walls of gyms and health clubs.

“It’s only when we’re willing reach out beyond fitness club walls and engage people at home, in their workplaces, and in the other places they spend time, that we’ll really have the impact we hope to.”

Predator Nutrition is a prominent UK sports nutrition retailer. Follow them on Twitter and Facebook, and circle them on Google+ to receive news of the latest offers and money-saving deals.

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Obese More Likely to Be Diagnosed With Advanced Thyroid Cancer

2012/05/22

USNews

Obese patients are more likely than other patients to have advanced, aggressive forms of papillary thyroid cancer when they’re diagnosed with the disease, a new study has found.

Thyroid cancer is on the rise in the United States and most of that increase is due to papillary thyroid cancer, said Dr. Avital Harari and colleagues at the University of California-Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine.

Papillary thyroid cancer accounts for about 80 percent of thyroid cancer cases, according to the U.S. National Cancer Institute.

For the study, the researchers reviewed the medical records of nearly 450 patients with an average age of 48 who had surgery to remove most or all of the thyroid gland as an initial treatment for papillary thyroid cancer or its variations.

The patients were divided into four groups — normal weight, overweight, obese and morbidly obese — according to body-mass index, a measure of body fat based on height and weight.

The researchers found that higher body-mass index was associated with more advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis. Obese and morbidly obese patients were more likely to have stage 3 or stage 4 cancer, and obese and morbidly obese patients were more likely to have aggressive forms of the disease.

The study appeared online today in the journal Archives of Surgery.

“Given our findings, we believe that obese patients are at a higher risk of developing aggressive thyroid cancers and thus should be screened for thyroid cancer by sonography, which has been shown to be more sensitive in detecting thyroid cancer than physical examination alone,” the researchers concluded in a journal news release.

The findings provide “one more reason to be concerned about the current obesity epidemic — obese patients have more advanced thyroid cancer,” Dr. Quan-Yang Duh, of the University of California-San Francisco, wrote in an accompanying editorial.

“This parallel increase in the rates of obesity and thyroid cancer is intriguing, but without a much larger population study we cannot determine whether obesity causes thyroid cancer,” Duh said. “However, the authors found that higher body-mass index is associated with a later stage of thyroid cancer.”

“For obese patients with papillary thyroid cancer, the bad news is that the cancer is likely to be more advanced,” Duh concluded. “The good news is that thyroid operation remains safe even in obese patients with advanced disease.”

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Obese teens already have heart damage

2012/05/22

Times of India

Overweight adolescents without symptoms of heart disease may already be suffering from cardiac damage, according to a new research.

Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and previous research has shown that obese adults have structural and functional changes to their hearts.

The current study has investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiac function in overweight and obese adolescents with no symptoms of heart disease.

97 healthy teenagers had their weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference BMI measured and calculated.

Based on their BMI, patients were divided into three groups: lean (L=32 patients), overweight (Ov=33 patients) and obese (Ob=32 patients).

Also, several measures of heart size were made using information from the echocardiogram

The analysis of data collected revealed that Interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thickness increased as BMI increased.

When the heart function were measured, it was found that left ventricular early diastolic lateral and septal velocities were reduced only in obese adolescents.

Besides this, systolic velocities were also only reduced in obese adolescents

It was discovered that obese adolescents with no symptoms of heart disease had damaged hearts with thicker walls.

The systolic and diastolic functions of their hearts were also found to be impaired.

Also, the relative wall thickness and left ventricular mass index increased in parallel to BMI

Moreover, both structural and functional measures correlated with BMI. This is why these findings may explicate why obesity is a risk for heart disease.

“Education on healthy food and exercise is needed in schools to prevent obesity and early cardiovascular disease in adolescents,” said lead author Professor Gani Bajraktari, professor of internal medicine and cardiology at the University of Pristina in Kosovo.

“This is an important step in preventing obesity and cardiovascular disease in adults,” he added.

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OBÉSITÉ: Une addiction neuronale au goût sucré

2012/05/22

Santelog

Cette étude de l’Université de Colorado School of Medicine nous confirme des différences dans les circuits du cerveau pour les femmes souffrant d’obésité mais aussi d’anorexie dans les circuits de récompense, avec une activation respectivement moins ou plus forte des neurones au goût sucré. Ces résultats, publiées dans l’édition du 2 mai de la revue Neuropsychopharmacology confirment que le comportement alimentaire est lié à des voies dopaminergiques du cerveau impliquées dans les…addictions.

Le Dr Guido Frank, directeur du Programme de recherche sur le cerveau à l’École de médecine de l’UC et ses collègues ont examiné par imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle (IRMf) l’activité cérébrale dans les 63 femmes, soit anorexiques, soit obèses. L’expérience était originale car les participantes ont été conditionnées à associer visuellement certaines formes soit avec un bonbon soit avec un aliment non-sucré et ont ensuite reçu des « solutions » au goût attendu ou inattendu. Les participantes ont ensuite goûté ces différentes « solutions ». Lorsqu’ils comparent les résultats à ceux de femmes de poids normal,  les auteurs constatent qu’au cours de ces séances d’IRMf, une solution au goût sucré inattendu conduit à une activation neuronale accrue des systèmes de récompense chez les patients anorexiques et à une activation diminuée chez les personnes obèses.

Les circuits de récompense plus sensibles aux stimuli alimentaires chez les patientes anorexiques: Alors que chez les rongeurs, la restriction alimentaire et la perte de poids ont déjà été associées à des réponses plus fortes du circuit de la récompense liées à la dopamine dans le cerveau, selon les auteurs, l’étude confirme que chez l’Homme, le système de récompense du cerveau contribue bien de manière majeure à réguler la prise alimentaire. Les résultats suggèrent aussi que les circuits de récompense du cerveau sont plus sensibles aux stimuli alimentaires chez les patientes anorexiques, mais moins sensibles chez les femmes obèses. Le mécanisme de cette association reste encore incertain, mais ces schémas cérébraux de réponse du circuit de la récompense pourraient même, suggèrent les auteurs, être des biomarqueurs (un peu complexes) de l’état pondéral.

Une précédente étude présentée en avril 2012 à la réunion annuelle de la Cognitive Neuroscience Society montrait que lorsque les gens voient des aliments, leurs cerveaux recueillent automatiquement des informations sur le goût qu’ils pourraient avoir et évaluent ainsi la valeur de la récompense pour les différents aliments, ce qui peut les pousser à choisir tel ou tel aliment.

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Possible commercialisation aux Etats-Unis du premier traitement anti-obésité

2012/05/22

Nouvel Observateur

Un comité consultatif d’experts indépendants a recommandé jeudi à l’Agence américaine du médicament (FDA) d’autoriser la mise sur le marché du Lorcaserin, qui pourrait devenir le premier traitement contre l’obésité à être commercialisé depuis plus de dix ans.

Par 18 votes contre quatre, le comité d’experts a jugé que le Lorcaserin, du laboratoire Arena Pharmaceuticals, était efficace pour contrôler l’appétit en agissant sur certains centres du cerveau, a précisé une porte parole de la FDA (Food and Drug Administration).

Les résultats de l’essai clinique ont montré que la moitié des participants avaient perdu jusqu’à 5% de leur poids, ce qui reste toutefois modeste.

La FDA n’est pas tenue de suivre les recommandations de ces comités consultatifs mais elle les entérine le plus souvent.

Ce même comité s’était prononcé contre la mise sur le marché du Lorcaserin –nom commercial “Lorqess”– en 2010 en faisant valoir des inquiétudes suscitées par la formation de cancer du sein chez les rats.

Cet effet secondaire ne s’est pas manifesté dans les essais cliniques conduits avec des humains souffrant d’excès de poids ou d’obésité et la plupart des 22 membres du comité ont conclu que les bienfaits de ce médicament surpassaient largement les risques.

Les effets secondaires les plus communs sont maux de tête, des nausées, des étourdissement et de la fatigue.

En avril, la FDA a aussi prolongé de trois mois au 17 juillet la période d’examen de la nouvelle demande de mise sur le marché du traitement contre l’obésité Qnexa du laboratoire américain Vivus après qu’un comité d’experts eut recommandé sa commercialisation.

Le Qnexa est ainsi devenu le premier anti-obésité à faire l’objet d’une recommandation de commercialisation en plus de dix ans. Mais la FDA pourrait donner son feu vert au Lorcaserin avant.

L’agence des médicaments avait rejeté en 2010 une première demande d’autorisation de commercialisation du Qnexa, mettant alors en avant des problèmes de sûreté. Le Qnexa est une combinaison de deux médicaments déjà sur le marché, la phentermine, un dérivé de l’amphétamine, utilisée pour réduire l’appétit, et le topiramate, un anti-épileptique servant à traiter les convulsions.

Bien que près d’un tiers des Américains soient obèses ou souffrent de surcharge pondérale, il y a peu de traitements sur le marché. Ces derniers ont une efficacité limitée et produisent souvent des effets secondaires tels que des flatulences et un risque cardiaque accru.

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OBÉSITÉ: Les adolescents obèses ont déjà des lésions cardiaques

2012/05/22

Santelog

ress 2012

Les adolescents obèses qui ne présentent pourtant aucun symptôme de maladie cardiaque ont déjà des lésions cardiaques, selon cette étude présentée au Heart Failure Congress 2012 organisé par la Société européenne de cardiologie à Belgrade du 19 au 22 mai.  Cette mise en évidence de membranes épaissies et de fonctions cardiaques perturbées, dès l’adolescence, laisse espérer une réversibilité avec l’exercice et la perte de poids.

On sait que l’obésité est un facteur de risque de maladies cardio-vasculaires et que les adultes obèses présentent des modifications structurelles et des dysfonctionnements fonctionnels au cœur. Mais cette étude a précisément étudié (données de poids, taille, tour de taille, tests sanguins, ECG…) la relation entre l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et la fonction cardiaque chez 97 adolescents en surpoids ou obèses ne présentant aucun symptôme de maladie cardiaque. Les patients ont été divisés en 3 groupes, maigres (n=32), en surpoids (n=33) et obèses (n=32 patients).

Obésité et cœur endommagé : Les chercheurs constatent avec l’augmentation de l’IMC, l’augmentation de l’épaisseur de certaines membranes cardiaques (septum interventriculaire et paroi ventriculaire postérieure gauche), l’augmentation de l’indice de masse ventriculaire gauche (IMVG), de certaines mesures de la fonction cardiaque (vitesses diastolique et systolique). Les adolescents obèses ne présentant aucun symptôme de maladie cardiaque présentaient donc déjà un cœur endommagé, avec des parois plus épaisses et des fonctions cardiaques perturbées.

Ces résultats montrent la nécessité de l’éducation sur une alimentation saine et l’exercice physique pour prévenir l’obésité et la maladie cardiovasculaire précoce chez l’adolescent, conclut l’auteur principal, le professeur Gani Bajraktari, professeur de médecine interne et en cardiologie à l’Université de Pristina au Kosovo. Reste à confirmer si le dommage cardiaque chez l’adolescent obèse peut être inversé avec la perte de poids.

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Obésité : Mieux vaut manger à heure fixe

2012/05/22

Au Féminin

Une étude américaine publiée dans la revue Cell Metabolism démontre que l’heure des repas jouerait autant dans la survenue de l’obésité que la composition du repas lui-même. Une étude qui pourrait bouleverser les repas des Français.

L’étude menée par des chercheurs californiens a tenté de comparer deux groupes de souris avec deux régimes alimentaires différents. Le nombre de calories administré était le même pour les deux groupes mais le moment de se nourrir était différent. En effet, alors que le premier groupe était alimenté à des heures précises, le second groupe avait la possibilité de s’alimenter quand il le souhaitait.

Après trois mois de comparaison, les chercheurs en sont arrivés aux conclusions suivantes. Le poids du groupe de souris qui pouvaient se nourrir quand elles le souhaitaient à augmenté de 30% et les souris de ce groupe ont en plus rencontré des problèmes de santé. Le second groupe n’a quant à lui subi aucun changement en terme de poids ou d’état de santé. Par conséquent, il serait préférable d’espacer ces repas et de créer un manque quotidien de nourriture entre les repas.

De plus, les repas deviennent de moins en moins sains au cours de la journée, d’où la nécessité de s’alimenter à des heures précises et d’éviter de trop s’alimenter en fin de journée. Cette étude vient également pointer du doigt le grignotage qui ne permet justement pas de créer les jeûnes quotidiens entre les repas. Les Anglais auraient donc raison, eux qui mangent traditionnellement un copieux petit-déjeuner et se contentent d’un dîner léger. Si on peut s’inspirer de nos voisins d’outre-Manche pour le timing des repas, on gardera la gastronomie française pour satisfaire nos papilles gustatives.

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Military courts urged to weigh veterans’ stress

2012/05/14

PNJ.com

Army Staff Sgt. Ryan Miller knew that deserting his post was a serious crime. But, by then, he had a lot more on his mind and heart than his job.

Back in 2003-2004, while Miller was deployed as a cavalry scout in Afghanistan, his father died, his mother was diagnosed with cancer, and he was facing divorce. During his second tour, this time in Iraq, his best friend was killed by a roadside bomb.

A few months before his November 2007 serve-out date, while stationed at Fort Drum, N.Y., Miller learned that he had been “Stop-Loss’d” — meaning he would remain with his unit for a third deployment. He walked away twice, for a total of 19 months.

At his court-martial two years ago, Miller testified that he knew he was likely suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, but purposely avoided treatment “in fear that I would be labeled a ‘nut’ and no longer be respected by my peers or subordinates.”

When it came time for sentencing, the prosecutor, Capt. Christopher Goren, argued that Miller should be made an example.

Goren asked that Miller be sentenced to seven months’ confinement, reduction in rank to the lowest enlisted grade and a bad-conduct discharge — which would have cut him off from the medical and mental-health benefits .

But Col. Michael Hargis, the presiding officer, recommended that all but the demotion be suspended, on the condition that Miller undergo treatment and counseling. Miller successfully completed his treatment and was granted an honorable discharge.

In the world of military justice, Miller’s case is far from the rule. But some voices within that system are calling for change, saying military courts can learn from the recent experience of their civilian counterparts.

Civilian courts across the country have acknowledged the fact that, after a decade of fighting in Afghanistan and Iraq, some veterans’ crimes can be traced back to battle-zone trauma — and that they shouldn’t go to jail or prison for them. The same consideration should be given by the military legal system when damaged warriors come before it, say some military law authorities, including Maj. Evan Seamone.

Seamone, an Iraq War veteran serving as chief of military justice at Fort Benning, Ga., makes the case in an article in Military Law Review.

Too many service members, he argues, are cast out for crimes or misconduct that could be attributable to post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury or some other service-connected ailment. Such “punitive discharges” yank away the veteran’s safety net, passing the burden and risks on to the civilian system, he says.

As awareness of PTSD, TBI and other “invisible wounds” of war has increased in the past several years, civilian courts have responded by setting up diversion programs to get eligible veterans into treatment, rather than locking them up. Seamone says nearly 100 of these so-called “veterans courts” have already been established, and another 100 or so are in the works.

In an interview with The Associated Press, Seamone said he found numerous cases in which military prosecutors “actually made the argument in courts-martial that the military isn’t a rehabilitation center.”

“The major consideration becomes … how to use the person as an example, as potentially a deterrent,” says the soldier.

Seamone cites studies estimating that around 20 percent of the veterans in custody or going through the criminal courts are not eligible for VA benefits “because of the nature of the discharge that they received.” These people, he said, have been “essentially crippled.”

But Miller, for one, is glad his commander chose the other path.

The 30-year-old Binghamton, N.Y., man left the Army in December 2010. He and his longtime girlfriend have a 3-month-old son.

Miller used some of his veteran benefits to study for a commercial driver’s license and now has a steady job, driving a delivery truck for a local beer distributor.

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Website, campaign to help students beat exam stress

2012/05/14

Indian Express

With the aim of relieving students of examination-related stress, a website, ssconline.in, was launched in the city recently. In another move to beat exam stress, a one-year campaign, Slap the Stress, was also launched by adman Bharat Dabolkar to help students fight stress.

The Slap the Stress campaign will involve counseling while entering class X, stress test, student-parent-teacher seminars and entertaining way of learning during the year-long campaign.

IT expert, Achyut Godbole, said, “Today, students consider computer as their friend. They spend a lot of time surfing it. Hence, imparting teaching through computer and internet eases the learning process. Also, students don’t feel stressed and panicky. The concept of ssconline.in has been designed by teachers taking into consideration the psychology of students. The website’s entertaining way of imparting teaching will simplify the learning process.”

While launching Slap the Stress campaign, Bharat Dabolkar, said, “Across all mediums, conversation has become important. In such a scenario, internet will appeal to students and will be more result-oriented. I hope that ssconline.in fulfills this objective.”

The brain behind ssconline.in, SN Joshi said, “Through this website, we aim to change the present education system and by the use of e-learning method we are attempting to simplify the preparations for class X exams.”

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Women suffer post-traumatic stress after ICU

2012/05/14 Laisser un commentaire

Times of India

However, psychological and physical ‘follow-up’ can reduce both this and post-ICU depression.

Patients in the ICU often suffer post-traumatic stress, anxiety, or depression due, not only to the illness or trauma that put them there, but to the very nature of the ICU and life-saving treatment.

As a result, follow-up schemes have been put in to place to help alleviate these psychological problems.

Researchers from the Karolinska University Hospital Solna and the Karolinska Institutet compared patient’s recovery from 2006, before a follow-up scheme was started, with that of patients in 2007 and 2008.

The scheme consisted of non-compulsory meetings at three, six and 12 months after being discharged from ICU with a nurse, physician and a physiotherapist, revisiting the ICU, and in severe cases being referred to a psychiatric unit for further therapy.

Before the use of the follow-up scheme women had much higher scores on the Impact Event Scale (IES), which measures post-traumatic stress, than men. For women, after the introduction of follow-up, these scores were significantly reduced. However, the scheme had no effect on the IES score of men.

“In general, for the same event, women are twice as likely to suffer post-traumatic stress disorder, recover more slowly, and are more prone to suffer long-term effects. We found this was also true in ICU survivors. The women with the highest IES scores were the ones who were most helped by the follow-up scheme. While it is not clear whether the scheme only helps patients at severe risk of PTSD, it does mean that these people have access to the treatment they need,” explained Dr Peter Sackey, who led this study.

The study was published in BioMed Central’s open access journal Critical Care.

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